Voices of the earth: the Aymara cosmovision and the sustainable future of the 2030 agenda

Abstract

The United Nations - UN 2030 Agenda is a global action plan aimed at promoting sustainable development, focusing on people, the planet and prosperity. With the accession of all UN Member States, 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were established. The discussion about the concept of sustainable development, especially in Latin America, has been intense, involving different theories and practices. Initially influenced by US foreign policy, the concept evolved with theoretical contributions, such as dependency theory, which criticizes structural inequalities between center and periphery in the global economy. The general objective of this work is to analyze how sustainable development can be aligned with the preservation of material cultural heritage, identifying strategies and policies that promote a balance between economic growth and cultural conservation. The dialectical method is used for this research, due to the complexity and interconnection between the cultural practices of the Aymaras, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the UN 2030 Agenda and the principles of environmental law. As results and discussion, it is inferred that the principles of sustainable development include the integration of economic, social and environmental dimensions, intergenerational equity, public participation, transparency, resilience, responsible use of natural resources, and promotion of innovation. It is concluded that the Aymara worldview, with its emphasis on the interconnection between human beings, nature and spirituality, and the values of "suma qamaña" (good living), exemplifies a holistic and community approach to sustainable development, highlighting the importance of community participation and respect for traditional knowledge.